Trademark protection is vital for any business wanting to secure its brand identity in global markets. But registering trademarks in multiple countries can be a daunting task, filled with complex paperwork and high costs. That’s where the Madrid Protocol steps in—streamlining global trademark registration and making it easier than ever to protect your brand internationally.

This article explains how the Madrid Protocol works, its recent updates as of 2025, and how your business can use it to protect your brand around the world.

What is the Madrid Protocol?

The Madrid Protocol, managed by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), is an international system that lets you protect your trademark in multiple countries by filing just one application. With 114 member countries covering over 80% of world trade, it’s a smart solution for expanding your brand globally.

Instead of filing separate applications in each country, you file one application through your home country’s trademark office. WIPO reviews it and sends it to the countries you select, where local offices examine your application according to their own laws.

For the full list of member countries, visit the WIPO Member Countries page.

How the Madrid Protocol Works

Here’s how the process unfolds:

1. Start with a Basic Application or Registration
   You file a national trademark application in your home country (this is called the “basic application” or “basic registration”).
   
   
2. Submit an International Application
   Once your basic application is filed, you can submit an international application through your country’s trademark office. This application is sent to WIPO for formal review.
   
   
3. Examination by Designated Countries
   WIPO forwards your application to the trademark offices of the countries you chose. These offices examine your trademark according to their own rules and laws.
   
   

If no objections (called “provisional refusals”) are raised within 12-18 months, your trademark is protected in those countries, just as if you had filed directly.

Key Benefits for Businesses

✅ Simplified Filing

Submit one application in one language (English, French, or Spanish), with one set of fees, and you’re done! This cuts down on paperwork and translation costs.

✅ Cost-Effective

According to WIPO, using the Madrid System can be up to 70% cheaper than filing individual applications in each country.

✅ Centralized Management

Renewals, changes in ownership, and other updates can be managed through a single system, saving you time and money.

Legal Considerations and 2025 Updates

While the Madrid Protocol makes international registration easier, there are key legal points and recent updates you should know:

⚖️ Local Examination Still Applies

Each designated country examines your trademark under its local laws. If a country refuses your application, you must respond directly to that country’s trademark office.

⚖️ Dependency on Basic Registration

For the first five years, your international registration depends on your basic application or registration. If your home application is canceled or limited during this time, your international registration could be affected too—this is known as a central attack.

⚖️ Enforcement at the Local Level

Even after registration, you must monitor and defend your trademark in each country.

Recent Legal Updates (2023–2025)

To keep your trademark protection strategy up-to-date, here are the latest changes:

• Mandatory Disclosure of Response Deadlines: Since November 1, 2023, national offices must specify start and end dates for responding to provisional refusals (source).
  
  
• Minimum Response Periods Standardized: Starting February 1, 2025, there’s a two-month minimum period to respond to provisional refusals (source).
  
  
• Enhanced Transparency: As of November 1, 2023, refusals based on earlier rights must include the name of the prior rights holder and their representative (source).
  
  
• Fee Updates in Certain Jurisdictions: For example, Türkiye revised its fee structure in April 2025 (WIPO Notice) and Israel updated its fees in March 2025 (WIPO Notice).
  
  
• Updated Nice Classification: The 2025 edition of the Nice Classification is now in effect, impacting how goods and services are categorized (source).
  
  

Stay informed by checking the WIPO Madrid News page regularly.

Should You Work with a Trademark Attorney?

Because local rules still apply in each country, and because of frequent updates, working with an experienced trademark attorney can help you:

✅ Choose the right countries to protect your brand.
✅ Make sure your applications meet local requirements.
✅ Monitor and defend your trademarks globally.
✅ Keep up with legal changes and updates.

Final Thoughts: Protecting Your Brand Around the World

The Madrid Protocol is an invaluable tool for businesses seeking international trademark protection. With simplified filing, cost savings, and easier management, it’s a smart way to protect your brand worldwide.

However, to navigate the legal details and stay current with updates, it’s always wise to consult a trademark attorney. By doing so, you can ensure your trademark rights are fully protected, no matter where your business takes you.

For more information, visit WIPO’s Madrid System Resources or learn more about trademark basics at the USPTO’s official site.

This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For personalized legal assistance, consult a qualified trademark attorney.